Artikel

DANSHEN PLUS




Danshen by Ray Sahelian, M.D.

Danshen is commonly used in China for the treatment of
atherosclerosis-related disorders such as
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Research
shows it also has immune enhancing properties. The
demonstration of beneficial effects of salvia
miltiorrhiza (DanShen) on ischemic diseases has
revolutionized the management of angina pectoris,
myocardial infarction or stroke in Chinese society.
Click on the links provided for natural ways to treat
these medical conditions. Experimental studies have
shown that Danshen dilated coronary arteries,
increased coronary blood flow, and scavenged free
radicals in ischemic diseases, so that it reduced the
cellular damage from ischemia and improved heart
functions. Clinical trials also indicated that Danshen
was an effective medicine for angina pectoris, MI, and
stroke.

Danshen Chemistry

Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and S. przewalskii
Maxium) has tanshinones and related terpenoids.

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Danshen Interactions

Warfarin (Coumadin)— Danshen can affect hemostasis in
several ways, including inhibition of platelet
aggregation, interference with the extrinsic blood
coagulation, antithrombin III-like activity, and
promotion of fibrinolytic activity. Single-dose and
steady-state studies in rats indicated that danshen
increased the absorption rate constants, AUCs, maximum
concentrations, and elimination half-lives, but
decreased the clearances and apparent volume of
distribution of both R- and S-warfarin. Consequently,
the anticoagulant response to warfarin was
exaggerated. Three cases have previously been
published reporting gross overanticoagulation and
bleeding complications when patients receiving chronic
warfarin therapy also took danshen.

Danshen Summary

A small number of studies suggest that danshen may
provide benefits for treating disorders of the heart
and blood vessels, including chest pain, heart
attacks, and ischemic stroke.

For a list of herbs used in Chinese medicine, see
Chinese Herbs.




Danshen Research Update

Fifteen tanshinone analogues isolated from the
chloroform extract of Danshen roots (Salviae
Miltiorrhizae Radix) by chromatographic procedures
were tested for their cytotoxic activities against KB,
Hela, Colo-205 and Hep-2 carcinoma cell lines. Several
of them were effective at concentrations below 1
micrograms/ml concentrations.

Water soluble extracts of the herbal plant, Salvia
miltiorrhiza (Danshen) exhibited potent effect against
HIV-1 integrase activity in vitro and viral
replication in vivo.

Immunomodulatory effects of Yun Zhi and Danshen
capsules in health subjects-a randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
Wong CK. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince
of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Feb;4(2):201-11.
Immunostimulating polysaccharides extracted from the
Chinese medicinal plant Yun Zhi (Coriolus versicolor)
have been found to enhance various immunological
functions, and Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) to show
beneficial effects on the circulatory system. In the
present clinical study, we investigated if regular
consumption of Yun Zhi and Danshen capsules could
improve cellular immunity in healthy subjects. One
hundred healthy subjects were recruited to take Yun
Zhi (50 mg/kg body weight) plus Danshen (20 mg/kg body
weight) or placebo capsules daily for four successive
months and, after a 2-month wash-out period, crossover
to take placebo or Yun Zhi plus Danshen capsules for
four successive months. Flow cytometry was used to
assess the lymphocyte subtypes and concentration of T
helper (Th) cell cytokines in culture supernatant.
Gene expression of cytokines and cytokine receptors of
peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was analyzed
by cDNA expression array. Results showed that regular
oral consumption of Yun Zhi-Danshen capsules could
significantly elevate PBMC gene expression of
interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, increase the percentage
and absolute counts of T helper cell and ratio of
CD4(+) (T helper)/CD8(+) (T suppressor and cytotoxic
T) cell, and significantly enhance the ex vivo
production of typical Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma
from PBMC activated by phytohemagglutinin and
lipopolysaccharide (all p<0.005). Such consumption had
no adverse effects on liver and renal functions, and
the biochemical bone profile. Therefore, regular
consumption of Yun Zhi and Danshen could be beneficial
for immunological functions by potential enhancement
of cell-mediated immunity in healthy subjects without
any adverse effects.



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